Many people feel a bit shy in social situations — but social anxiety is more than that. To understand the basics of anxiety, also see the article What is anxiety?.

What is social anxiety?

Social anxiety is characterized by persistent and intense fear of being judged or embarrassed in social situations — a fear that can keep a person from participating in important life activities (work, education, relationships).

A person feeling discomfort and anxiety in a social gathering

Difference from ordinary shyness

Ordinary shyness does not seriously hinder a person's performance. However, social anxiety can significantly limit daily life — from completely avoiding social situations to enduring them with severe distress.

Treatment options

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy, especially with gradual exposure practice
  • Medication, if necessary
  • Learning anxiety management skills
Visual comparison of ordinary shyness and severe social anxiety

To learn about combined anxiety treatments, also read the article Anxiety treatment; psychotherapy, medication, or innovative?.

Behavioral therapy session for gradual social exposure practice

Summary for patients

Social anxiety is beyond ordinary shyness — a persistent and intense fear of being judged that can keep a person away from important social situations; however, it is completely treatable.

Sources

  • National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) — Social Anxiety Disorder
  • American Psychiatric Association — Diagnostic Criteria for Social Anxiety
  • Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA) — Understanding Social Anxiety
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